@PhDThesis{OvandoLeyton:2017:UnFlPr,
author = "Ovando Leyton, Alex",
title = "Understanding flooding processes of large wetlands of the bolivian
amazon through in situ observation, remote sensing and numerical
modeling",
school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
year = "2017",
address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
month = "2017-05-04",
keywords = "flood mapping, satellite altimetry, hydrology, wetlands,
mapeamento inunda{\c{c}}{\~o}es, altimetria satelital,
hidrologia.",
abstract = "The Amazonian wetlands of Bolivia, known as the Llanos de Moxos,
are believed to play a crucial role in regulating the upper
Madeira hydrological cycle, the most important southern tributary
of the Amazon River. In addition to its rich natural diversity,
the Llanos were the setting for many complex pre-Columbian
societies. Because the area is vast and sparsely populated, the
hydrological functioning of the wetlands is poorly known. In this
thesis we show the feasibility of using multi-temporal flood
mapping, based on optical (MODIS M*D09A1) and satellite altimetry
(ENVISAT RA-2 and SARAL Altika altimeters) to characterize and
monitor flood dynamics and to optimize floodplain simulations
within a hydrological model (MHD-INPE model). Initially we
analyzed the hydrometeorological configurations that led to the
major floods of 2007, 2008 and 2014 in the upper Madeira Basin;
Then, with the inclusion of altimetric information, which provided
a vertical component for the two-dimensional flood maps, we
analyzed the flood dynamics for the whole 2001-2014 period,
including both extension and water stage variations that allowed
to have initial surface water storage estimations. Finally, we
critically analyzed how numerical modeling of the wetlands can be
improved using additional remote sensing techniques. Our results
showed that large floods are the result of the superimposition of
flood waves from major sub-basins of the region and the strong
influence of the occurrence of intense rainfall over saturated
areas. We had identified relevant features of the flood regime,
identifying three groups with particular characteristics in
function of its connectivity and dependence to the Andes and
piedmonts or to local processes and classified the hydraulic
function of the wetlands based on remote sensed imagery. Finally,
we demonstrate that remote sensing information is of major
importance for improving floodplain simulations using hydrological
models. However, there are still clear limitations in the existent
remote sensed products for achieving seamless predictions of the
hydrological behavior of the Llanos under changing climate.
RESUMO: As extensas terras {\'u}midas da Amazonia Boliviana,
conhecidas como Llanos de Moxos, desempenham um papel crucial na
regula{\c{c}}{\~a}o do ciclo hidrol{\'o}gico do Alto Madeira, o
mais importante tribut{\'a}rio do sudoeste da Bacia
Amaz{\^o}nica. Al{\'e}m de sua riqueza e diversidade natural, os
Llanos de Moxos foram o cen{\'a}rio para o desenvolvimento de
complexas sociedades pr{\'e}-colombinas. Devido a {\'a}rea ser
extensa e pouco povoada, o funcionamento hidrol{\'o}gico destas
terras {\'u}midas {\'e} pouco conhecido. Nesta tese mostrou-se a
viabilidade do uso de mapeamento multitemporal baseado em imagens
{\'o}pticas (MODIS M*D09A1) e altimetria por sat{\'e}lite
(ENVISAT RA-2 and SARAL AltiKa) para caracterizar e monitorar
din{\^a}micas de inunda{\c{c}}{\~a}o e otimizar
simula{\c{c}}{\~o}es de plan{\'{\i}}cies de
inunda{\c{c}}{\~a}o dentro de um modelo hidrol{\'o}gico (o
modelo MHD-INPE). Inicialmente analisamos as
configura{\c{c}}{\~o}es hidrometeorol{\'o}gicas que levaram aos
grandes eventos de inunda{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos anos 2007, 2008 e
2014 no Alto Madeira. Em seguida, com a inclus{\~a}o de
informa{\c{c}}{\~a}o altim{\'e}trica, que forneceu o componente
vertical aos mapas de inunda{\c{c}}{\~a}o bidimensionais,
analisamos as din{\^a}micas de inunda{\c{c}}{\~a}o para o
per{\'{\i}}odo 2001-2014, incluindo extens{\~a}o e
varia{\c{c}}{\~o}es de profundidade das inunda{\c{c}}{\~o}es,
o que permitiu estimar de armazenamento de {\'a}gua superficial
nas plan{\'{\i}}cies. Finalmente analisamos criticamente como a
simula{\c{c}}{\~a}o num{\'e}rica das plan{\'{\i}}cies pode
ser otimizada com informa{\c{c}}{\~a}o de sensoriamento remoto.
Identificamos, baseados em informa{\c{c}}{\~o}es de
sensoriamento remoto e altimetria, tr{\^e}s zonas diferenciadas
em fun{\c{c}}{\~a}o de sua conectividade e depend{\^e}ncia aos
Andes ou a processos locais. Finalmente, demonstramos que a
informa{\c{c}}{\~a}o de sensoriamento remoto {\'e} de grande
import{\^a}ncia para a melhoria de simula{\c{c}}{\~o}es de
plan{\'{\i}}cies de inunda{\c{c}}{\~a}o. No entanto, ainda
existem limita{\c{c}}{\~o}es claras nos produtos de
sensoriamento remoto para alcan{\c{c}}ar previs{\~o}es exatas do
comportamento hidrol{\'o}gico dos Llanos de Moxos.",
committee = "Cuartas Pineda, Luz Adriana (presidente) and Tomasella, Javier
(orientador) and Randow, Celso von (orientador) and Martinez,
Jean-Michel and Rudorff, Conrado de Moraes",
englishtitle = "Compreendendo os processos de inunda{\c{c}}{\~a}o de grandes
planicies de inundacao da amaz{\^o}nia boliviana por
observa{\c{c}}{\~a}o situ, sensoreamento remoto e modelagem
num{\'e}rica.",
language = "en",
pages = "175",
ibi = "8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3NNFSM5",
url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3NNFSM5",
targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}